Judicial Review is a fundamental principle of constitutional law that empowers the judiciary to examine the validity of legislative and executive actions. It ensures that all laws and government decisions comply with the Constitution, maintaining the balance of power among different branches of government. This mechanism acts as a safeguard against arbitrary or unconstitutional actions, thereby upholding the rule of law.

In India, the power of Judicial Review is derived from Articles 13, 32, and 226 of the Constitution. The Supreme Court and High Courts have the authority to strike down any law or order that violates the Constitutionís fundamental rights or exceeds the powers granted to the legislature or executive. This function not only protects citizensí rights but also preserves the supremacy of the Constitution as the ultimate law of the land.

The concept of Judicial Review was first established in the U.S. through the landmark case *Marbury v. Madison (1803)* and later adopted in India with its own constitutional framework. Key Indian cases like *Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)* and *Minerva Mills v. Union of India (1980)* reinforced that Judicial Review is part of the Constitutionís basic structure and cannot be amended or removed by Parliament.

In practical terms, Judicial Review promotes accountability and transparency within the government. It prevents misuse of power, ensures that policies adhere to constitutional principles, and upholds citizensí fundamental rights. However, courts exercise this power cautiously, intervening only when a clear constitutional violation occurs. Thus, Judicial Review remains a cornerstone of Indian democracy, ensuring justice, equality, and constitutional integrity.