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Understanding a Demat Account Statement - A Step-by-Step Guide

As discussed earlier, a Demat account is an electronic account which stores all your financial assets including shares, mutual funds, bonds, debenturesDebentures
Debentures are long term debt securities issued by corporations to raise funds. They can carry either a fixed or floating rate of return. In times of bankruptcy, debenture holders are paid before equity shareholders. Common debenture holders do not get voting rights.
, gold-ETFs etc in digital form. A Demat account facilitates easy trading i.e. buying and selling of assets without manual paperwork or errors.

[Suggested Reading: What is a Demat Account]

While the majority of the errors are eliminated when securities are held in Dematerialised form, it is still recommended to tally the Demat account statements every quarter or so, to ensure that all assets are accounted correctly.

A Demat account statement is broadly divided into two parts:

  • Statement of accounts
  • Statement of holdings

A statement of accounts is a detailed description of the transactions that have happened in your Demat account whereas a statement of holdings is a summary of all the assets held in your Demat account on a particular date. Let’s get a detailed understanding of a Demat account statement and the popular types of transactions that happen in a Demat account.

Statement of Accounts

A statement of account is a detailed description of the transactions that have taken place in your Demat account. Debit transactions reflect that shares/units/securities have been debited or removed i.e. sold from your Demat account and Credit transactions reflect that shares/units/securities have been credited or added i.e. purchased in your Demat account.

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Statement of Holdings

A statement of holding is a summary of all the assets held in your Demat account on a particular date and gives a bifurcation of the status of those securities.

  • Current Balance

    • This reflects the total balance of the ISIN or security that is held by you. It is the sum total of all units which may be further subdivided based on their status as below.

  • Free Balance

    • Free balance is a subset of the total balance and it states the number of Demat units that are actually “freely available” for trading. Debit i.e. sale transactions are checked and adjusted against this free balance.

  • Locked In Balance

    • Locked In balance is a subset of the total balance and it states the quantity of units that are locked in and cannot be transacted for. Only pledge/unpledge transactions can be carried out for such locked-in units and no debit transactions can be carried out.

  • Pledge Setup Balance

    • Pledge setup balance is the balance that has been marked as a ‘pledge’ in favour of a pledgee by the Demat account holder.

[Suggested Reading: What are Pledge Charges?]

Statement of Holdings

Cost for Trading & Investing in Samco

Transaction Tag Transaction Type Description
ON-DR / SETTLEMENT-DR On Market debit transaction These transactions usually refer to units/shares being debited (removed) from your Demat account to settle your settlement obligations on account of SALE of shares ON MARKET. Since these shares were sold on stock exchanges, these are referred to as ON MARKET DEBIT instructions.
ON-CR / SETTLEMENT-CR On Market credit transaction These transactions usually refer to units/shares being credited (added) to your Demat account to settle your settlement obligations on account of PURCHASE of shares ON MARKET. Since these shares were bought from the stock exchanges, these are referred to as ON MARKET CREDIT instructions.
OF-CR Off market credit transaction These transactions usually refer to units/shares being credited (added) to your Demat account to settle OFF market transactions i.e. transactions that were not conducted on the stock exchanges. These usually could be for IPO purchases, negotiated off market purchases, etc. These are usually used for unlisted securities.
OF-DR Off market debit transaction These transactions usually refer to units/shares being debited (removed) from your Demat account to settle OFF market transactions i.e. transactions that were not conducted on the stock exchanges. These usually could be fornegotiated off market sales, etc. These are usually used for unlisted securities.
CA – Bonus and CA – Listed Bonus Corporate Action – Bonus Issue of Shares These transactions usually reflect when bonus shares have been issued by companies to existing shareholders.
CA – Extinguishment Corporate Action – Extinguishment of Securities This transaction type is popularly used for debt securities that are extinguished on their maturity date. Let’s presume that you hold NCDs or bonds that are due to mature on a certain date, then once the proceeds of your debt are repaid and settled, the RTAs extinguish the units and the transaction type CA – Extinguishment shall get reflected on the statement.
CA-Split Corporate Action – Stock Split These transactions usually reflect when the face value of the shares have been split from a particular face value to another. For E.g. If a company splits the face value from Rs. 10/share to Rs. 2/share. In such cases, the shareholders receive 5x the quantity of shares held via a CA-split transaction.
INTDEP-DR Inter Depository Debit Transactions In rare occasions, certain securities issued by a few companies are enabled only on a particular depository i.e. either CDSL or NSDL only. In such cases, when transactions need to be conducted between CDSL and NSDL depending on the listed depository, the transaction type INTDEP or Inter-depository is used. INTDEP – DR refers to debit transactions (removed from account) between CDSL to NSDL or vice versa. Usually these will happen when an investors account is held in the depository (For Eg. say CDSL) which is not the issuing depository (For Eg. say NSDL).
INTDEP-CR Inter Depository Credit Transactions These are similar to INTDEP-DR transactions except that these transactions suggest that the nature of the transaction is a credit transaction (units added to account) and not a debit transaction.
CA-Lock-in Corporate Action – Lock In Units These transactions reflect that the units in your Demat account have been marked for Lock-in and shall remain locked-in until the lock-in period is over. These are common in case of lock-in of ELSS transactions or preferential allotment of securities.
CA-Listed Conversion Corporate Action – Conversion of securities These transactions reflect that the units in your Demat account have been converted from one asset type to another. For E.g. If you hold warrants or other convertible instruments that are then converted to listed equity shares, these shall be marked as “CA-Listed Conversion” on your Demat statement.
CA-Merger DB Corporate Action – Merger Debits These transactions shall usually reflect on your Demat statement if you hold shares of a company that is being merged into another company. Let’s say you hold shares of Company A which is getting merged into Company B, then as a corporate action, your shares of company A shall be debited an in exchange you shall be issued shares of Company B. The CA-Merger DB transaction type reflects these debit transaction on account of corporate mergers.
CA-Listed Merger CR Corporate Action – Credits of resulting entity Continuing the above example, when you are allotted shares of Company B which is the final entity that remains post-merger, your statement shall reflect a “CA-Listed Merger CR” transaction type which means that shares of the listed entity have been credited to your Demat account.

What is a Consolidated Account Statement (CAS)?

As the name suggests, a Consolidated Account Statement or CAS is a single consolidated statement of all your investments in various Demat accounts across both depositories (i.e. NSDL and CDSL) including Mutual Funds held by RTAs (Registrar & Transfer Agents).

A consolidated account statement (CAS) is usually issued by the default depository. If you have two Demat accounts, then the one opened first, will be considered as the default Demat account and the linked depository will be your default depository who will issue the consolidated account statement (CAS).

A consolidated account statement displays all the investments linked to your PAN number, across multiple brokers and advisors. If there has been a transaction (buy/switch/sell/SIP/STP/ SWP) in any of the folios or with any broker, then a monthly CAS statement is sent to the investor. If no transaction has been carried out during a particular half-year period then half-yearly CAS is sent to the investor.

How to Generate your Consolidated Account Statement (CAS)?

Here are some quick links to help you generate your consolidated account statement (CAS)